Academic Freedom at Florida CLAS

One of my colleagues informed me about a website at the University of Florida, hosted by the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. The website provides information about academic freedom, and I’m impressed by the college’s effort to create the website. It addresses fundamental questions that people often have about academic freedom, tenure, and other significant university-related topics. The content is presented in a manner that is accessible to everyone, and it includes citations and links for further reading and research. I’ve included the link to the main content below.

  • Academic freedom is a set of norms and practices that guides faculty in the pursuit of research and teaching, as well as matters of shared governance, and as citizens to serve a democratic society for the common good.
  • Academic freedom includes the freedom to teach, discuss, question, and explore freely according to the standards of our disciplines.
  • Shared governance and tenure are important components to support academic freedom.
  • Students have a right to freedom in learning, including freedom to question and discuss material introduced in a course.

“The essentiality of freedom in the community of American universities is almost self evident. No one should underestimate the vital role in a democracy that is played by those who guide and train our youth. To impose any straitjacket upon the intellectual leaders in our colleges and universities would imperil the future of our Nation…. Scholarship cannot flourish in an atmosphere of suspicion and distrust. Teachers and students must always remain free to inquire, to study and to evaluate, to gain new maturity and understanding; other wise our civilization will stagnate and die.”

U.S. Supreme Court, Sweezy v. New Hampshire(opens in new tab), 1957

was designed and implemented over 80 years ago to act as a fundamental pillar supporting academic freedom. It allows faculty to pursue the search for knowledge and to educate students in a manner that is independent of and not beholden to any special interests. Tenured professors report their teaching, research and service activities annually and are evaluated at the department level along with all other faculty.

Source: Academic Freedom at Florida CLAS [Link – https://clas.ufl.edu/academic-freedom-and-responsibility]

Fall 2023

Who would have thought that 7 years go by so quickly at the University of Florida. This year I am teaching introduction to computational fluid dynamics. The last time I taught it was before COVID in the fall of 2020. I am working on a new design program for nozzles. I am basing it on the original method of characteristics, but integrating boundary layer theory, source plane theory for transonics, and trying to build upon some of the previous programs published by NASA.

Talking Oak I spoke

ONCE more the gate behind me falls;
Once more before my face
I see the moulder’d Abbey-walls,
That stand within the chace.
Beyond the lodge the city lies,
Beneath its drift of smoke;
And ah! with what delighted eyes
I turn to yonder oak.

For when my passion first began,
Ere that, which in me burn’d,
The love, that makes me thrice a man,
Could hope itself return’d;

To yonder oak within the field
I spoke without restraint,
And with a larger faith appeal’d
Than Papist unto Saint.

For oft I talk’d with him apart,
And told him of my choice,
Until he plagiarised a heart,
And answer’d with a voice.

Tho’ what he whisper’d, under Heaven
None else could understand;
I found him garrulously given,
A babbler in the land.

But since I heard him make reply
Is many a weary hour;
’Twere well to question him, and try
If yet he keeps the power.

Hail, hidden to the knees in fern,
Broad Oak of Sumner-chace,
Whose topmost branches can discern
The roofs of Sumner-place!

Say thou, whereon I carved her name,
If ever maid or spouse,
As fair as my Olivia, came
To rest beneath thy boughs.—

‘O Walter, I have shelter’d here
Whatever maiden grace
The good old Summers, year by year,
Made ripe in Sumner-chace:

‘Old Summers, when the monk was fat,
And, issuing shorn and sleek,
Would twist his girdle tight, and pat
The girls upon the cheek.

‘Ere yet, in scorn of Peter’s-pence,
And number’d bead, and shrift,
Bluff Harry broke into the spence,
And turn’d the cowls adrift:

‘And I have seen some score of those
Fresh faces, that would thrive
When his man-minded offset rose
To chase the deer at five;

‘And all that from the town would stroll,
Till that wild wind made work
In which the gloomy brewer’s soul
Went by me, like a stork:

‘The slight she-slips of loyal blood,
And others, passing praise,
Strait-laced, but all too full in bud
For puritanic stays:

‘And I have shadow’d many a group
Of beauties, that were born
In teacup-times of hood and hoop,
Or while the patch was worn;

‘And, leg and arm with love-knots gay,
About me leap’d and laugh’d
The Modish Cupid of the day,
And shrill’d his tinsel shaft.

‘I swear (and else may insects prick
Each leaf into a gall)
This girl, for whom your heart is sick,
Is three times worth them all;

‘For those and theirs, by Nature’s law,
Have faded long ago;
But in these latter springs I saw
Your own Olivia blow,

‘From when she gamboll’d on the greens,
A baby-germ, to when
The maiden blossoms of her teens
Could number five from ten.

‘I swear, by leaf, and wind, and rain
(And hear me with thine ears),
That, tho’ I circle in the grain
Five hundred rings of years—

‘Yet, since I first could cast a shade,
Did never creature pass
So slightly, musically made,
So light upon the grass:

‘For as to fairies, that will flit
To make the greensward fresh,
I hold them exquisitely knit,
But far too spare of flesh.’

Oh, hide thy knotted knees in fern,
And overlook the chace;
And from thy topmost branch discern
The roofs of Sumner-place.

But thou, whereon I carved her name,
That oft hast heard my vows,
Declare when last Olivia came
To sport beneath thy boughs.

‘O yesterday, you know, the fair
Was holden at the town;
Her father left his good arm-chair,
And rode his hunter down.

‘And with him Albert came on his.
I look’d at him with joy:
As cowslip unto oxlip is,
So seems she to the boy.

‘An hour had past—and, sitting straight
Within the low-wheel’d chaise,
Her mother trundled to the gate
Behind the dappled grays.

‘But, as for her, she stay’d at home,
And on the roof she went,
And down the way you use to come,
She look’d with discontent.

‘She left the novel half-uncut
Upon the rosewood shelf;
She left the new piano shut:
She could not please herself.

‘Then ran she, gamesome as the colt,
And livelier than a lark
She sent her voice thro’ all the holt
Before her, and the park.

‘A light wind chased her on the wing,
And in the chase grew wild,
As close as might be would he cling
About the darling child:

‘But light as any wind that blows
So fleetly did she stir,
The flower she touch’d on dipt and rose,
And turn’d to look at her.

‘And here she came, and round me play’d,
And sang to me the whole
Of those three stanzas that you made
About my “giant bole;”

‘And in a fit of frolic mirth
She strove to span my waist:
Alas, I was so broad of girth,
I could not be embraced.

‘I wish’d myself the fair young beech
That here beside me stands,
That round me, clasping each in each,
She might have lock’d her hands.

‘Yet seem’d the pressure thrice as sweet
As woodbine’s fragile hold,
Or when I feel about my feet
The berried briony fold.’

O muffle round thy knees with fern,
And shadow Sumner-chace!
Long may thy topmost branch discern
The roofs of Sumner-place!

But tell me, did she read the name
I carved with many vows
When last with throbbing heart I came
To rest beneath thy boughs?

‘O yes, she wander’d round and round
These knotted knees of mine,
And found, and kiss’d the name she found,
And sweetly murmur’d thine.

‘A teardrop trembled from its source,
And down my surface crept.
My sense of touch is something coarse,
But I believe she wept.

‘Then flush’d her cheek with rosy light,
She glanced across the plain;
But not a creature was in sight:
She kiss’d me once again.

‘Her kisses were so close and kind,
That, trust me on my word,
Hard wood I am, and wrinkled rind,
But yet my sap was stirr’d:

‘And even into my inmost ring
A pleasure I discern’d
Like those blind motions of the Spring,
That show the year is turn’d.

‘Thrice-happy he that may caress
The ringlet’s waving balm
The cushions of whose touch may press
The maiden’s tender palm.

‘I, rooted here among the groves,
But languidly adjust
My vapid vegetable loves
With anthers and with dust:

‘For, ah! my friend, the days were brief
Whereof the poets talk,
When that, which breathes within the leaf,
Could slip its bark and walk.

‘But could I, as in times foregone,
From spray, and branch, and stem,
Have suck’d and gather’d into one
The life that spreads in them,

‘She had not found me so remiss;
But lightly issuing thro’,
I would have paid her kiss for kiss
With usury thereto.’

O flourish high, with leafy towers,
And overlook the lea,
Pursue thy loves among the bowers,
But leave thou mine to me.

O flourish, hidden deep in fern,
Old oak, I love thee well;
A thousand thanks for what I learn
And what remains to tell.

‘’Tis little more: the day was warm;
At last, tired out with play,
She sank her head upon her arm,
And at my feet she lay.

‘Her eyelids dropp’d their silken eaves.
I breathed upon her eyes
Thro’ all the summer of my leaves
A welcome mix’d with sighs.

‘I took the swarming sound of life—
The music from the town—
The murmurs of the drum and fife
And lull’d them in my own.

‘Sometimes I let a sunbeam slip,
To light her shaded eye;
A second flutter’d round her lip
Like a golden butterfly;

‘A third would glimmer on her neck
To make the necklace shine;
Another slid, a sunny fleck,
From head to ancle fine,

‘Then close and dark my arms I spread,
And shadow’d all her rest—
Dropt dews upon her golden head,
An acorn in her breast.

‘But in a pet she started up,
And pluck’d it out, and drew
My little oakling from the cup,
And flung him in the dew.

‘And yet it was a graceful gift—
I felt a pang within
As when I see the woodman lift
His axe to slay my kin.

‘I shook him down because he was
The finest on the tree.
He lies beside thee on the grass.
O kiss him once for me.

‘O kiss him twice and thrice for me,
That have no lips to kiss,
For never yet was oak on lea
Shall grow so fair as this.’

Step deeper yet in herb and fern,
Look further thro’ the chace,
Spread upward till thy boughs discern
The front of Sumner-place.

This fruit of thine by Love is blest,
That but a moment lay
Where fairer fruit of Love may rest
Some happy future day.

I kiss it twice, I kiss it thrice,
The warmth it thence shall win
To riper life may magnetise
The baby-oak within.

But thou, while kingdoms overset,
Or lapse from hand to hand,
Thy leaf shall never fail, nor yet
Thine acorn in the land.

May never saw dismember thee,
Nor wielded axe disjoint,
That art the fairest-spoken tree
From here to Lizard-point.

O rock upon thy towery top
All throats that gurgle sweet!
All starry culmination drop
Balm-dews to bathe thy feet!

All grass of silky feather grow—
And while he sinks or swells
The full south-breeze around thee blow
The sound of minster bells.

The fat earth feed thy branchy root,
That under deeply strikes!
The northern morning o’er thee shoot
High up, in silver spikes!

Nor ever lightning char thy grain,
But, rolling as in sleep,
Low thunders bring the mellow rain,
That makes thee broad and deep!

And hear me swear a solemn oath,
That only by thy side
Will I to Olive plight my troth,
And gain her for my bride.

And when my marriage morn may fall,
She, Dryad-like, shall wear
Alternate leaf and acorn-ball
In wreath about her hair.

And I will work in prose and rhyme,
And praise thee more in both
Than bard has honour’d beech or lime,
Or that Thessalian growth,

In which the swarthy ringdove sat,
And mystic sentence spoke;
And more than England honours that,
Thy famous brother-oak,

Wherein the younger Charles abode
Till all the paths were dim,
And far below the Roundhead rode,
And humm’d a surly hymn.

The Talking Oak, Alfred Tennyson

Rinaldo

A delightful Grove in which the Birds are heard to fung, and feen flying up and down among the Trees.
Almirena.
Charming Birds thus fweetly finging,
Zephyrs, every Odour bringing,
All ye Beauties of the Grove,
Teach me how to find my Love.
Charming Birds, of $a$.
Come my ador’d and blefs me with thy Prefence.
Enter Rinaldo.
Rin. Charm’d by the Magick of thofe pow’rful Lips, My hurrying Soul flies outward to thy Call; I’m not prophane; but if I kneel to Thee, My Idol’s Brightnefs will my Guilt attone;

Ch’ in me vie pikik s’ accende,
Da’ twoi bei Lumi, O CarA,
Prende il gran Fuoco ad avanaparmi’ l Core.
Alm. Bella Stella d’Amore
Nelle Pupille tue Folgora il lume.
Rin. Per te Sola, O mio Nume,
Ardon le Faci mie, fumang g l Incenf?
Di fervidi Sof piri.
Alm. Tú Jolo a’ miei Martiri
Porgi placida Calma.
Kin. In te vive il mio Cor, fi ferugge 1 Alma.
Alm. Scherzanp ful tuo Volto
Le Grazie vezzofette;
Rin. Ridono ful tho Labbro
I pargoleti Amori;
Tutti due.
A mille, a mille.
Nel bel Fuoco di guel Guardo,
Amor giunge al forte Dardo
Care Faville.
A mille, c.

DARPA Director’s Fellow

I am very fortunate to be awared the 2023-2024 DARPA Director’s Fellowship.

The linked article from my department is at the following link: https://mae.ufl.edu/2023/08/09/darpa-directors-fellowship-awarded-to-steven-a-e-miller/

The article text is below

Associate Professor Steven A. E. Miller, Ph.D., is awarded the Director’s Fellowship from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for 2023-2024. The award recognizes technical excellence for his research on “Analytical Prediction of Near-Field Hypersonic Aerodynamics.” The award is extremely selective and is given to exceptional researchers who are part of the DARPA program. Typically, one to two fellows are awarded per year.

The fellowship is awarded to recognize successful high-risk research to predict high-speed aerodynamics without the use of computational fluid dynamics or experiments. The outcome of the fellowship and research allows for ultra-fast predictions of aerodynamics around high-speed flight-vehicles and physical understanding of sonic boom prediction from hypersonic waveriders. The approach overcomes limitations of previously developed fundamental theories created at CalTech Mathematics by Dr. Gerald Whitham and Chinese hypersonics pioneer Dr. Tsien Hsue-Shen.

Florida Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering website

D’Alembert and Hydrodynamica

“One can see through various memoirs that can be found in the volumes of the science academies in Paris, Berlin, or Petersburg, how the principle of conservation of living forces eases the solution of many problems in Dynamics; we even believe that there as been a time when one would have been most embarrassed to solve many of those problems without using this principle.”

D’Alembert wrote in 1757 on Hydrodynamica.

Philosophy of Galileo

Philosophy is written in this grand book – I mean the universe – which stands continually open to our gaze, but it cannot be understood unless one first learns to comprehend the language and interpret the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and its characters are triangles, circles, and other geometrical figures, with out which it is humanly impossible to understand a single work of it; without these, one is wandering around in a dark labyrinth.

Galileo

Note on Research and Ethics in the Age of Publish or Perish

Diogenes, when once questioned about his curious act of wandering the city in broad daylight with a lamp, replied, “I am looking for an honest man.” (Plutarch, Life of Alexander, XIV.1-5). Honesty in scientific and mathematical research is central to human progress.

Diogenes painted by Jean-Léon Gérôme.

Recently, a series of disturbing events have changed the academic community. The President of Stanford was implicated in the creation of fake experimental data (NYT 7/19/2023), a Harvard Professor specializing in the study of dishonesty falsified data on her studies of dishonesty (WSJ 6/26/2023), and a Physics Professor at the University of Rochester manipulated research findings (Amer. Phys. Soc. 3/9/2023), among other instances. These individuals have been under investigation by the scientific community.

These professors manipulated data of multiple publications and by doing so were rewarded with the highest professorships in the United States. Consequences have been severe; each of them either resigned or were suspended. In research, once honesty and integrity are shattered, restoring them is nearly impossible, reminiscent of the futility of the King’s men attempting to put Humpty Dumpty back together again.

During my time at NASA, one of the Research Directors was Dr. Charlie Harris. His consistent emphasis was on technical excellence. The term “technical excellence” is challenging to define. In fact, it is not defined in Dr. Harris’s own book, “Engineering Ethics: Concepts and Cases.” However, I believe that ethics and technical excellence share a common cornerstone – honesty.

I cannot recall a time when I encountered research issues at NASA akin to those the academic communities continually face. This is attributable to the prevailing culture. The NASA Technical Reports Server (https://ntrs.nasa.gov) hosts approximately 100 years of high-quality research. This is due to the ethics, honesty, and the consistent production of high-quality research for which NASA is historically known.

NASA published the “NASA Guidelines for Promoting Scientific Research and Integrity” (6/2018). Additionally, any publication created by NASA undergoes extensive peer review, management review, and review by a chief engineer or scientist. The publication then goes through an entirely separate peer review by a publicly accessible peer-reviewed journal.

In the university system, the number of annual publications and achieving a high impact factor (a statistic) can mark the difference between maintaining a career or having to abandon research altogether. The key to improving quality and ensuring the ethical use of government grants is to focus on quality, not quantity, in government, industrial, and academic research.

If Diogenes were to wander our contemporary world with his lamp, would he find an honest person?